A client is hypoglycemic (blood sugar 3.1) and is not yet to receive the morning insulin. What should the nurse do first?

• A. Administer insulin immediately
• B. Give orange juice to drink
• C. Offer water
• D. Delay breakfast until sugar rises

Answer: (B)

The main idea is to treat hypoglycemia immediately with a fast-acting carbohydrate to raise blood glucose quickly while the patient is conscious and able to swallow. Giving a quick source of glucose, such as orange juice, provides about 15–20 grams of sugar that is rapidly absorbed, helping restore energy and mental status within minutes. Insulin would worsen the low blood sugar, so it’s not appropriate. Water won’t raise the blood glucose, and delaying breakfast doesn’t address the immediate danger of hypoglycemia. After giving the juice, recheck the blood sugar in about 15 minutes and proceed with a meal once the level stabilizes. If the patient were unable to swallow or unconscious, IV dextrose or glucagon would be used instead.