Which action is an appropriate response when a patient refuses a medication due to side effects?

• A. Document the refusal
• B. Administer a different drug
• C. Force the patient
• D. Withhold all care

Answer: (A)

Respecting a patient’s autonomy means recognizing their right to refuse a medication, even if a clinician believes it would help. When side effects lead to a refusal, the correct course is to document the refusal clearly in the medical record, noting what was refused, the patient’s stated reason, and the time. This ensures the patient’s wishes are part of the record and informs the rest of the care team. After documenting, inform the prescriber and discuss possible alternatives, such as adjusting the dose, trying a different medication with fewer side effects, or nonpharmacologic options if appropriate, while continuing to monitor the patient’s safety and comfort. It’s not appropriate to administer a different drug without a new consent or order, to coerce the patient, or to withhold all care, as those actions violate patient rights and professional standards.