Which statement best describes the passive immunity provided to infants through breastfeeding?

• A. Breastfeeding provides complete immunity to all infections.
• B. Breast milk contains live pathogens that boost immunity.
• C. Breastfeeding eliminates the need for vaccines.
• D. Breastfeeding provides passive immunity against some viral and bacterial infections.

Answer: (D)

Breastfeeding transfers maternal antibodies to the infant, providing passive immunity. The main protective component is secretory IgA in breast milk, which coats the infant’s gut and other mucosal surfaces, helping neutralize certain viruses and bacteria. This protection is temporary and supports the infant while their own immune system matures. It does not give complete protection against all infections, and it does not replace vaccines, which are needed to develop the infant’s active, long-lasting immunity. It also does not involve live pathogens. So breastfeeding provides passive immunity against some viral and bacterial infections.